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  GUIDELINE TARGET (or personalized goal)
A A1C targets A1C ≤7%
If on insulin or insulin secretagogue, assess for hypoglycemia and ensure driving safety
B BP targets BP <130/80 mmHg
If on treatment, assess for risk of falls
C Cholesterol targets LDL-C <2.0 mmol/L
D Drugs for CVD risk reduction and/or Cardiorenal protection ASCVD: ACEi/ARB, ASA, GLP1-RA, SGLT2i, statin
CKD: ACEi/ARB, GLP1-RA, nsMRA, SGLT2i, statin
HF: ACEi/ARB, SGLT2i, statin
*age ≥55 with ≥ 1 risk factors, OR diabetes complications: ACEi/ARB, statin
*age ≥40 or ≥ 30 and diabetes for > 15 years, OR diabetes complications: statin
E Exercise goals and healthy Eating
  • 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity/ week and resistance exercises 2-3 times/week
  • Follow healthy dietary pattern (i.e. lots of vegetables, high fibre, low glycemic index foods, lean proteins and healthy fats) 
S Screening for complications Cardiac: ECG every 3-5 years if age >40 OR diabetes complications
Foot: Monofilament/Vibration yearly or more if abnormal
Kidney: Test eGFR and ACR yearly, or more if abnormal 
Eye (Retinopathy): yearly dilated retinal exam
Liver: Fib-4 every 1 to 2 years
Immunizations: ensure up to date
S Smoking cessation If smoker: Ask permission to give advice, arrange therapy and provide support
S Self-management, stress, other barriers
  • Set personalized goals (see “individualized Goal Setting” panel)
  • Assess for stress, mental health, and financial or other concerns that might be barriers to achieving goals

Category Tags: General Tips, Management, For Health-care Providers;