Canadian Journal of Diabetes
Canadian Journal of Diabetes is Canada’s only diabetes-oriented, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal for diabetes healthcare professionals.
Published quarterly (February, April, June, August, October and December), Canadian Journal of Diabetes contains original articles, resource reviews, a journal watch, shorter articles such as Perspectives in Practice and Diabetes and Society, and news from the Clinical and Scientific Section and the Diabetes Educators Section of the Canadian Diabetes Association.
Canadian Journal of Diabetes is distributed as a benefit of membership to all members of the Professional Sections of Canadian Diabetes Association.
A World with Fewer People with Diabetes and Noncommunicable Diseases
Between 2010 and 2030, there will be an estimated 70% increase in the number of adults with diabetes in developing countries and a 20% increase in developed countries around the world (1). Sadly, the latest figures released by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) at this year’s annual congress of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes affirm that the diabetes epidemic continues to worsen. The number of people with diabetes has reached a staggering 366 million in 2011, and 1 person dies from diabetes every 7 seconds, adding up to 4.6 million deaths per annum (2).
D.C.W. Lau
Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Canadian Diabetes Association Briefing Document for Healthcare Providers
The Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA) believes that self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an important and essential tool for the care of individuals with diabetes. The Canadian Diabetes Association 2008 clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes in Canada (1) recommend that SMBG be individualized for each person with diabetes based on their circumstances and needs.
David Miller, Lori Berard, Alice Cheng, Amir Hanna, Donna Hagerty, Aileen Knip, Peter McDougall, Vince Woo
People’s Pets as Assets in Diabetes Prevention, Management and Awareness: Novel Insights from Social Research
Pets in Canadian society: an overview Pets live in roughly half of Canadian households, where they are usually treated like members of the family. In fact, Canadians incur more out-of-pocket expenses from pet care than they do from prescription drugs (1). By looking closely at what people do to care for pets, we can learn a great deal about people’s strengths and the challenges they face on a daily basis. For conditions such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, this kind of information can be invaluable.
Melanie Rock
2011 Scholar Award Recipient, Dr. Pedro Geraldes
Dr. Pedro Geraldes, an assistant professor at the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, will receive the Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA) 2011 Scholar Award. The CDA’s Scholar Award provides up to 5 years of salary support for newly independent investigators establishing their own diabetesrelated research at a Canadian university or research institute. Award recipients are also eligible to obtain operating funds of $50,000 for the first year to support their research program. Year 2 and 3 operating funds will be provided only if awardees have been unable to secure their own independent national peer-review funding of greater than $50,000 per year. The individual must devote 75% of his/her time to diabetes-related research.
Jovita Sundaramoorthy
An Indigenous Approach to Diabetes Research: Don’t Just Tell Us We’re Fat
The prevalence of diabetes—particularly type 2 and gestational diabetes—is an increasing issue in certain ethnocultural groups, especially among Indigenous peoples (1). In this editorial commentary, the term Indigenous is capitalized to emphasize the importance of the collective group of peoples, and the term will be used when referring to Indigenous peoples globally. When referring to Indigenous peoples of Canada, the terms First Nations, Inuit and Métis will be used. When referring to a specific Nation of Indigenous peoples, the appropriate Nation term will be used (e.g. Anishnabek). Indigenous peoples are diagnosed with diabetes at a younger age, have a poorer quality of life, more complications and die earlier than their non-Indigenous counterparts with diabetes (2,3). The increased prevalence of diabetes in Indigenous populations has ignited research funding, and researchers are taking an interest in this topic.
Lynn F. Lavallée
Another Rant About Sliding Scale Insulin
While this year marks the 90th anniversary of the discovery of insulin, it has been 10 years since my first “rant” about the nonsense of sliding scale insulin (SSI) in the hospital (1). Since then, besides more ranting by others, there has been better evidence that SSI either provides no benefit or causes harm. Sadly, it appears the general acceptance of SSI has not changed and, in fact, (from my anecdotal observations) may have increased over the past decade.
Irl B. Hirsch
Abdominal Adiposity and Physical Activity in Cree First Nations Children Living On-Reserve in an Alberta Community
Objective: To examine the relationship between abdominal obesity and physical activity in Cree children (5 to 12 years old) living on a reserve in Alberta.
Ashlee-Ann E. Pigford, Dia Sanou, Geoff D.C. Ball, David Dyck Fehderau, Noreen D. Willows
Health Professional Attitudes Regarding Celiac Disease Screening and Treatment in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate current practices and opinions related to celiac disease screening in multidisciplinary type 1 diabetes care teams from the Network of Ontario Pediatric Diabetes Programs.
Shama Sud, Margaret Marcon, Esther Assor, Denis Daneman, Farid H. Mahmud
Why Won’t the Sliding Scale Go Away?
Basal–bolus–supplement insulin is the standard way patients on a multiple daily injection (MDI) insulin program take insulin at home. However, in many hospitals, this physiological approach to insulin delivery is supplanted by sliding-scale insulin, wherein fast- or rapid-acting insulin only is given subcutaneously and only in response to particularly high blood glucose levels. Evidence has mounted that sliding-scale insulin leads to an increase in blood glucose and an increase in serious hospital morbidity compared to basal–bolus–supplement. To highlight this evidence, the Vancouver Island Health Authority has tried an educational approach, combined with changes to clinical order sets, in an effort to replace sliding-scale insulin with basal–bolus–supplement. Initial results have been disappointing, and on-going efforts are required to understand why the sliding scale appears so deeply entrenched.
David B Miller
The Effectiveness of Web-Based Tools for Improving Blood Glucose Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES: Health promotion using web-based tools may provide some benefit to patients with diabetes mellitus. This meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of web-based tools in improving blood glucose control.
Ricardo N. Angeles, Michelle I. Howard, Lisa Dolovich
Imaging Targets in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Current Status and Perspective
Diabetes is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Despite improvements in cardiovascular health in recent years, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to increase. Diabetic cardiomyopathy describes the changes in cardiac structure and function secondary to diabetes, independent of hypertension or coronary artery disease. Although several studies have referenced diabetic cardiomyopathy and the importance of screening patients with diabetes at increased risk of heart disease, the diagnostic and prognostic criteria remain poorly defined. Imaging modalities such as echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging may also provide means of distinguishing the markers and progression of disease. Metabolic imaging may provide insight into pathogenesis and define imaging markers associated with these biochemical alterations. Here, we review the imaging approaches that may be used for researching the pathophysiologic markers of diabetic cardiomyopathy, with a focus on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
Anna R. Schmidt, Matthias G. Friedrich
CSEM & CDA Professional Conference and Annual Meetings Abstracts
Oral and Poster Abstracts for 2011 Professional Conference, Toronto, ON
Canadian Journal of Diabetes September 2011 - Full Issue
Production of materials has been made possible through a financial contribution from the Public Health Agency of Canada.
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